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Ijtihad Sebagai Alat Pemecahan Masalah Umat Islam Image
Journal article

Ijtihad Sebagai Alat Pemecahan Masalah Umat Islam

Secara istilah ijtihad merupakan upaya untuk menggali suatu hukum yang sudah ada pada zaman Rasulullah Saw. Hingga dalam perkembangannya, ijtihad dilakukan oleh para sahabat, tabi'in serta masa-masa selanjutnya hingga sekarang ini. Meskipun pada periode tertentu apa yang kita kenal dengan masa taklid, ijtihad tidak diperbolehkan, tetapi pada masa periode tertentu pula (kebangkitan atau pembaruan), ijtihad mulai dibuka kembali. Karena tidak bisa dipungkiri, ijtihad adalah suatu keharusan, untuk menanggapi tantangan kehidupan yang semakin kompleks. Tidak semua hasil ijtihad merupakan pembaruan bagi ijtihad yang lama sebab ada kalanya hasil ijtihad yang baru sama dengan hasil ijtihad yang lama. Bahkan sekalipun berbeda hasil ijtihad baru tidak bisa mengubah status ijtihad yang lama. Hal itu seiring dengan kaidah ijtihad yang tidak dapat dibatalkan dengan ijtihad pula. Berdasarkan pelaksanaan ijtihad bahwa sumber hukum Islam menuntun umat Islam untuk memahaminya. Adapun sumber hukum Islam yang disepakati jumhur ulama adalah al-Qur'an, hadis, ijma dan qiyas. Conceptually, the term ijtihad is an effort to dig out law which had been existed in the Prophet's live. In its development ijtihad has been done by prophet followers up t now. Although in a certain period as so called taklid period, in which ijtihad is not allowed, however, at another period of time ijtihad is allowed. In fact, ijtihad cannot be avoided and it is a must to cope with more complex problems. It is widely understood that not all the result of ijtihad as the renewal of the old one. The fact shows that the result of new ijtihad has similarity or even the same with the old one. Although the result of the new ijtihad is totally different from the old one, the new one cannot change the status of the old one for there is a rule says that ijtihad cannot be canceled by another ijtihad. Based on the application of ijtihad, the sources of Islamic laws direct Islamic followers to understand them. The sources of Islamic laws admitted and followed by ulama are Holy Qur'an, hadis, ijma and qiyas.
Improving Students\u0027 Writing Skills Through Writing Journal Articles Image
Journal article

Improving Students' Writing Skills Through Writing Journal Articles

In Indonesian context, writing is considered as painful activity indicating that oral culture is much better than writing one. The students' works are sufficiently kept in the libraries, although to publish those is much more worthy. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the students' writing skills through a meaningful way namely writing journal article. This review article is therefore intended to discuss ways of improving students' writing skills through writing journal article. The result of consulting different existing related literature can be concluded that the ability of writing can be variously defined based on the pedagogical objectives and approach. Meanwhile, the skill of writing journal article is classified as one of the writing skills derived from Process/Cognitive approach. Amongst the underlying ways to publish the students' manuscripts is by taking a look at the structure of a journal article, the writing guide and the writing style of a journal publication to which the manuscript is intended to publish. By implementing the above mentioned tips of writing a journal article, the EFL students will not only improve their writing skills but make their works much worthy as well. In a nutshell, in addition to publish the students' works, to write journal article is essential to improve their writing skills.
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Stratifikasi Sosial Dan Perjuangan Kelas Dalam Perspektif Sosiologi Pendidikan Image
Journal article

Stratifikasi Sosial Dan Perjuangan Kelas Dalam Perspektif Sosiologi Pendidikan

It is a fact that social stratum is an effect of the differences of education, economy, or ancestry. It appears since the human beings lived together in a social organization. The main cause for the appearance of social strata is the imbalance between rights and obligation of the member of society and the unfair share of power in the society. Social stratum and education is mutually influential in two ways. First, high education needs fund and motivation. Second, type of education determines the social stratum. In other words, education does not only provide skills but also cause some differences in term of way of life and mental life.
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