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Teori Dasar Ekonomi Mikro Dalam Literatur Islam Klasik Image
Journal article

Teori Dasar Ekonomi Mikro Dalam Literatur Islam Klasik

Ekonomi Islam sebagai ilmu pengetahuan yang lahir sebagai alternatif dari ekonomi Konvensional yang sudah memperlihatkan kegagalannya dalam menciptakan kesejahteraan bagi seluruh manusia. Di samping itu ilmu ekonomi Islam juga dianggap sebagai ilmu “baru” yang sama sekali terlepas dari sejarah ekonomi dunia. Ilmu ekonomi Konvensional dianggap lahir dari vacuum dan tidak ada peran keilmuan Islam dalam perkembangan sejarahnya sebagaimana dinyatakan Schumpeter dalam the great gap-nya. Padahal beberapa ilmuwan justru menulis bahwa ilmu pengetahuan Yunani-Helenistik sampai ke tangan kaum terpelajar modern Eropa sekarang adalah berkat tangan Muslim yang memodifikasinya dan memberikan nilai tambah padanya sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh Mehdi Nakosteen. Untuk itu, diperlukan penelusuran keberadaan teori-teori ekonomi Konvensional dalam literatur Islam klasik. Untuk membuktikan bahwa Ilmu Ekonomi Konvensional bukanlah berangkat dari vacuum dan bahwa Ilmu Ekonomi Islam merupakan bagian dari sejarah kelahiran ekonomi Konvensional. Pada beberapa literatur Islam klasik akan kita temukan beberapa teori dasar ekonomi Konvensional yang tidak hanya mirip tapi juga persis sama secara utuh. Pada literature Islam klasik akan kita temukan teori dasar seperti kebutuhan manusia yang tidak terbatas, teori nilai, teori produksi, teori penawaran dan permintaan, mekanisme harga pasar dan lain-lain. Hal ini memberikan bukti bagi kita bahwa ilmu ekonomi Islam bukanlah hal “baru” yang sama sekali tidak pernah ada dalam sejarah perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan. Bahkan ilmu Ekonomi Islam telah ada sebelum kelahiran ekonomi Konvensional.Islamic Economics as a science that was born as an alternative to conventional economics that has demonstrated its failure in creating prosperity for all human beings. In addition, Islamic economics is also considered as the "new" science, apart from the economic history of the world at all. Conventional economics is considered came up from vacuum and Islamic Economic has no role in the development history of science as Schumpeter stated in the his great gap theory. Though some scientists actually wrote that Greek-Hellenistic science came into the hands of the educated modern Europe today by effort of Muslims schoolar who modifies and adds value to it as stated by Mehdi Nakosteen. Therefore, it`s needed a search of Conventional economic theories in classical Islamic literature. To prove that the Conventional Economic Sciences is not departing from the vacuum and that Islamic Economics is part of the history of the arising of Conventional economics. On some classical Islamic literature we will find some basic economic theories Conventional not only similar but also exactly the same as a whole. In the classical Islamic literature we would find economic basic theories such unlimited human needs theory, value theory, theory of production, the theory of supply and demand, the market mechanism and others. This provides evidence for us that Islamic economics is not "new" at all and never existed in the history of science. Even the science of Islamic Economics has been there before conventional economics arised.
The Law of Trading at the Mid of the Friday Praying Image
Journal article

The Law of Trading at the Mid of the Friday Praying

This paper discusses the law of trading (buying and selling) at the time of Friday prayings. This discussion has not developed since classical scholars. Allah forbids buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings. The scholars are of the opinion that the law of buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings is haraam, because they always associate it with the law of Friday prayings. According to them, the law of Friday praying is obligatory. The author performs re-ijtihad against the law of buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings. By using the ijtihad method bayāni, the author concludes that the prohibition on buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings is only limited to the etiquette or ethics case. It is associated with the law of Friday prayings which according to the author, it is sunnah. For this reason, the author stipulates that the law of buying and selling at the time of Friday prayings is makruh (disliked).
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Varian Anggaran dan Peran Akuntansi Pertanggungjawaban pada Penganggaran Pemerintah Daerah Image
Journal article

Varian Anggaran dan Peran Akuntansi Pertanggungjawaban pada Penganggaran Pemerintah Daerah

Budget variance plays important roles in Indonesian Local Government budgeting. The use of budget variance through budgeting highlight the incrementalism of budget which define the budget setter's behavioral bias through ratchet effect. Ratchet effect occurs when budget setter use prior period performance (i.e budget variance) as basis to determine the upcoming budget as a consequences of the dynamic incentives problems in agency relation context. This study aims to find whether ratchet effecct occur in public sector budgeting, especially in Indonesian local government budgeting. Further, this research examine the role of responsibility accounting in explaining the presence of ratchet effect in Local Government budget. This study use Local Government Task Force (SKPD) of Yogyakarta Special Region Province Government as research object for research period between 2012 to 2016. Selection of sample derived using purposive sampling to 31 SKPD and generates 17 sample which has Region Original Revenue (PAD) component and so 28 sample which has Direct Expenditure component in each of it's budget structure. Multiple Linear Regresion and Independent Samples Test were used to test the hypotheses.The result shows that all research hypotheses statistically accepted. This research generate evidence the occurence of ratchet effect and the important role of responsibility accounting in local government budgeting.Keyword: Budget Variances, Ratchet Effect, Responsibility Accounting, Local Government Budgeting, Region Origin Revenue (PAD), Direct Expenditure. INTISARI Varian anggaran merupakan informasi penting dalam penyusunan anggaran pemerintah daerah di Indonesia. Penggunaan varian anggaran dalam penganggaran mengandung aspek inkrementalisme dalam bentuk efek ratchet yang muncul akibat bias perilaku penyusun anggaran. Efek ratchet muncul ketika perencana angggaran menentukan target anggaran berdasarkan capaian kinerja anggaran periode sebelumnya sebagai akibat adanya persoalan insentif dinamik dalam konteks hubungan keagenan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya efek ratchet dalam penganggaran pemerintah daerah di Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini mengevaluasi peran akuntansi pertanggungjawaban dalam menjelaskan munculnya efek ratchet dalam anggaran pemerintah daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) di lingkup Pemerintah Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta pada periode 2012-2016. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan metode sampel purposif atas 31 SKPD dan menghasilkan 17 sampel SKPD yang memiliki komponen Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan 28 sampel SKPD yang memiliki komponen Belanja Langsung dalam struktur anggarannya. Analisis yang digunakan untuk pengujian hipotesis adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dan independent samples test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua hipotesis penelitian ini terdukung secara statistik. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan adanya efek ratchet dan peran penting akuntansi pertanggungjawaban dalam penyusunan anggaran pemerintah daerah.
Journal article

Corporate Social Responsibility dan Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum Syariah

Corporate Social Responsibility dan Kinerja Keuangan Bank Umum Syariah Image
Journal article

Waqf and Islamic Economics: Evidance on Establishing Student House

Waqf and Islamic Economics: Evidance on Establishing Student House Image
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