Between 2011 and 2013 the International Labour Organization (ILO), in collaboration with governments and several United Nations (UN) agencies working as part of the Social Protection Floor Initiative, conducted Social Protection assessment based national dialogue (ABND) exercises in Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand and Viet Nam. The exercises were undertaken to take stock of existing social protection realities in order to understand what elements of national Social Protection Floors (SPFs) were in place, where ‘holes' in national floors exist, and to propose recommendations for the further design and implementation of social protection provisions that would guarantee at least the SPF to the entire population.