A sensor nodes in wireless sensor network are of fixed battery power. Therefore energy utilization in an efficient way is the most important matter of concern in the design and development of wireless sensor network (WSNs).
Energy efficiency of the proposed approach can be improved through Multiple Cluster Heads. The efficient routing protocol in a cluster plays an important role in energy saving and stability of the cluster and its nodes. In this paper we proposed Enhance Threshold Sensitive Stable Election Protocol (ETSSEP) for heterogeneous wireless sensor network. It is based on dynamically changing cluster head election probability. The ETSSEP is simulated using MATLAB and found that it performs better than Stable Election Protocol (SEP) and Threshold Sensitive Stable Election protocol (TSEP) in terms of stability and network lifetime. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of multiple number of nodes each of which consists of sensing devices to collect data from environment. Clustering has been proven as one of the most effective technique for reducing energy consumption of the wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we are displaying a survey on hierarchical routing protocols based on LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) protocol.