Currently, most congenital malformations are successfully corrected in the neonatal period. The success of surgical treatment largely depends on early diagnosis, adequate preoperative preparation and timely transfer of the child to a surgical hospital. With timely and adequate care at all stages, up to 90% of newborns have a favourable prognosis. This article presents data ranking organizational and diagnostic errors in the provision of surgical care to newborns with congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract