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Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Pogostemon Heyneanus Benth. (Java Patchouli) Image
Journal article

Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Pogostemon Heyneanus Benth. (Java Patchouli)

Several plants have been recently reported to possess anticancer potential. Allium cepa root tip assay is a preliminary study to assess the cytotoxic effect of plant extracts. The cytotoxic activity of plants can be correlated to their anticancer potential. Cytotoxic potential of Pogostemon heyneanus (Lamiaceae) was evaluated using A. cepa root meristematic cells. This study was aimed at analyzing cytotoxic potential of P. heyneanus using Allium cepa root tip assay. Four different concentrations of the aqueous leaf extracts at three different durations were examined. Distilled water was used as control. The extract was found to be cytotoxic at all tested concentrations, when compared to control. Mitotic index was found to be decreasing with the increase in extract concentrations and treatment durations. The aqueous extract of P. heyneanus was found to be an effective cytotoxic agent, inducing various clastogenic and non-clastogenic aberrations such as chromosome gaps, bridges, multipolar anaphase, fragments, nuclear budding and lesions, hyperchromasia, laggards and mitotic pairing.
Histological Analysis of in Vitro Cultured Coconut Endosperm Image
Journal article

Histological Analysis of in Vitro Cultured Coconut Endosperm

Coconut is a very important plant for the livelihood of people in tropical countries. It is also used as an icon of tropical region. Coconut fruit is very heavy and can cause injuries if the fruit falls down and hits somebody who happens to be underneath a coconut tree. In order to avoid the accident, the coconut fruits have to be regularly cut off. Coconut tree originated from in vitro cultured endosperm is a triploid plant that produces seedless fruit (without endocarp). Coconut fruit without endocarp is not heavy. The objective of this study was to investigate plant regeneration of fresh and in vitro cultured coconut endosperms. The fresh and developed in vitro cultured coconut endosperms were observed using histological analysis. Solid endosperm of seven month-old postanthesis coconut from “Samoan Dwarf” cultivar was freshly picked up and cultured in vitro on modified Branton & Blake formula. Histological study of fresh coconut endosperm showed that the endosperm consisted of parenchyma cells, which were relatively uniform in shape and size, with some nuclei consisted of 1 – 5 nucleoli. Three month-old calli of in vitro grown coconut endosperm in semi solid media showed that its cells varied in shape and size, characterized by high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, high starch, protein and lipid contents which underwent many divisions. Seven month-old calli of in vitro grown coconut endosperm in liquid media showed embryogenic cells which resembled proembryos. Fourteen month-old bud-like structure of coconut endosperm in semi solid media showed a meristematic layer, tunica-corpus structure, cortex-like region and tracheids of xylem. These results indicated that the bud-like structure was an early stage of shoot bud formation in coconut endosperm. This is the first report of early stage of shoot bud formation occurring on coconut endosperm cultured in vitro.
Dna Barcode Characterization of Mistletoe Infestation in Teak Clonal Seed Orchard (Cso) in Padangan, East Java Province, Indonesia Image
Dna Barcode Characterization of Mistletoe Infestation in Teak Clonal Seed Orchard (Cso) in Padangan, East Java Province, Indonesia Image
Journal article

Dna Barcode Characterization of Mistletoe Infestation in Teak Clonal Seed Orchard (Cso) in Padangan, East Java Province, Indonesia

Ecological Services of Agroforestry Landscapes in Selected Watershed Areas in the Philippines and Indonesia Image
Ecological Services of Agroforestry Landscapes in Selected Watershed Areas in the Philippines and Indonesia Image
Journal article

Ecological Services of Agroforestry Landscapes in Selected Watershed Areas in the Philippines and Indonesia

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Bacterial Community Shifts of a High Mountain Lake in Response to Variable Simulated Conditions: Availability of Nutrients, Light and Oxygen Image
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Bacterial Community Shifts of a High Mountain Lake in Response to Variable Simulated Conditions: Availability of Nutrients, Light and Oxygen

We studied bacterial population composition shifts by exposing natural water samples to variable simulated environmental conditions. The samples were taken from Lake Jori XIII (2640 m a.s.l), an oligo-to mesotrophic cold freshwater lake, located in the eastern Swiss Alps. The Jori lakes are characterized as remote, unpolluted high mountain lakes with a long period of ice cover and typically low nutrient concentrations. Culture independent techniques (PCR-based analyses) were used for detection and molecular characterization of a large number of bacteria most of which are still uncultivable. Bacterial community shifts over three ecological conditions (nutrients, light and oxygen availability) were detected by using Temporal Temperature gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TTGE) of a PCR-amplified part of the 16S rRNA gene. The bacterial populations responded differently to the variable conditions, as revealed by TTGE pattern shifts during the experiment.
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