This article describes the pathology of facial pain, as well as a comparative study of domestic and European scientists. Important points in the development of facial pain, a number of authors consider chronic inflammatory changes in the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve and development as a result of inflammatory processes in the paranasal sinuses. Against the background of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the sinuses, the nature of the pain syndrome is determined by a complex system of sensitive innervation of the paranasal sinuses: both peripheral receptors and fibers of the trigeminal nerve in the nasal mucosa, and receptors and fibers of the trigeminal nerve in the walls of the vessels supplying these sinuses, as well as sensitive fibers of the dura and pia mater.