The article proposes a mathematical model of medical care for the population using the diffusion-non-monotonic law of time distribution of diseases. The analytical dependence of the human health coefficient on the level of his diseases and the main characteristics of the health care system is established: the frequency of dispensary examinations, the duration of treatment, the quality of diagnosis at the clinic and hospital, the probability of seeking medical help, and false requests for medical care. The existence of an optimal period for conducting clinical examinations, at which the maximum level of efficiency is achieved, is shown.