Purpose: based on the systematization of the characteristics of the propagation of acoustic waves depending on the different conditions of the air environment, their influence on the solution of applied problems of capturing speech information in the open area is shown, and the prompt rapid account of these factors in solving applied problems is proposed.
Design/Method/Approach: in performing this work, methods of analyzing the properties of wave processes, methods of describing acoustic fields, systematization and generalization of data and knowledge, methods of transforming complex systems were used.
Findings: the speed of sound propagation in the atmosphere, which is the primary acoustic characteristic of the air environment, entirely depends on the parameters of this environment (atmospheric pressure, air temperature, humidity, as well as the presence of additional impurities) is investigated. The vertical distribution of the speed of sound in the surface layers of the atmosphere ultimately determines the propagation of acoustic waves and their distortion - refraction. The concept of the factor of an anomaly of air environment and its account in the decision of applied problems of removing the speech information is considered.
Theoretical implications: is that the complex calculations of the factor of the anomaly of the air environment to obtain the expected range of detection of acoustic signals can be defined as the product of the value of the energy range of detection on the value of the coefficient of environmental influence in the surface atmosphere.
Papertype: scientific and practical.