Fais, Elsa. "Urgensi Calon Independen dalam PemlUhan Kepala Daerah Langsung" Ius Quia Iustum Law Journal, vol. 13, no. 1, Jan. 2006, pp. 69-84, doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol13.iss5.
If the Election Head of Region can be used as a momentum of fundamental change, thus the attendence of independent candidate is absolute and cannot be bargained. Practically and theorethically, independent candidate is significant.